Starting-primer for motors.



G. W. BROWN. STARTING PRIMER FOR MOTORS.4 APPLIoATIoN FILED 00T. 3o,1912.

1,066,248. PatentedJuly 1, 1913. 5f@ f. f 6 ?5 I 33 0 6 .1/verdor.

UNITED STATES IAM'IENT OFFICE.

GILMAN W. BROWN, OF WEST NEWBURY, MASSACHUSETTS, .ASSIGNOR 0F ONE-HALFTO HARRIET L. MADDOCK, OF HAVERHILL, MASSACHUSETTS, .AND ONE-HALF TOHORACE W. BROWN, OF WEST NEWIBURY, MASSACHUSETTS, i

Specication of Letters Patent.

STARTING-PRIMER FOR MOTORS. ii i Patented July 1, 1913.

The subject of the present invention is a device for enabling internalcombustion motors, and particularly those provided in motor vehicles, tobe started under all weather conditions and at all temperatures, evenwhen the motor, the fuel, and the surrounding atmosphere are extremelycold.

In general objects and in the manner of its use this device is similarto the one disclosed in my pending application filed September 18, 1912,Serial Number 720,964, entitled Primer for internal combustion Inotors.This device is also capable of being located and used in any position,whether near to or remote 'from the motor, and above or below the intakethereof with equal etliciency.

The particular' objects of this improved form of starting primer are toprovide improvements in the construction and arrangement of the partsthereof, particularly in the construction of the supply reservoir, therelation thereto of the carbureter or mixing attachment, and the meansfor making the same operative when desired, as hereinafter more fullyappears..

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation partly insection of the improved starting primer. Fig. 2 is an end elevation asseen from the left of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an elevat-ion as seen from theright of Fig. 1 and Fig. 4 is a detail sectional view on line 4 4 ofFig. 1.- Fig. 5 is a section on line 5v-5 of Fig. 1.

The same reference characters indicate the same parts in all thefigures.

In construction the device comprises two oppositely arranged heads 3 and4, respectively, having cylindrical ianges on the faces which aredirected toward one another, and a cylindrical shell 5 of which the endsfit tightly and are secured within the side flanges of the heads, theshell and heads together thus forming a supply tank or reservoir for aninflammable volatile liquid. The head 3 has lugs 6, 7 and 8, perforatedto admit bolts or other fastenings whereby it may be attached to theframe of the motor orof the vehicle. Preferably it is attached at theforward side of the dash 9 of the vehicle, as shown in Fig. 1. The lug 6has an additional perforation, land the head 4 has a perforated lug 10alined with l such perforation, these perforations serving as guidesforan operating rod 11 which passes through the dash to the rear sidethereof and is accessible by the hand or foot of the vehicle driver. Thehead 4 is provided also with a device for mixing the combustible liquidwith air. This device which also may be called a priming carbureterconsists of a cylindrical casing or cylinder 12 preferably formed as anintegral part of the head 4, and inclosing a chamber which is both amixing chamber and a valve chamber. Said cylinder 12 extends with aportion 13 of the head 4 below the lower side of the tank and has across member 14 from which rises a nozzle 15 located approximately inthe axis of the chamber and inclosed within the cylinder 12. The crossmember 14 joins the depending extension 13 of the head and is bored outfrom such extension as far as to the passage in the nozzle, to form achannel 16. The extension 13 is also bored out to form a passage 17 inback of the forward wall o-f the head and leading from the channel 16 tothe reservoir shell into the interior of the reservoir. Preferably thechannel 16 is formed by drilling from the rear side of the extension 13,and the passage 17 is formed by drilling upward from the lower end ofthis extension, the external openings of these drill holes being thenclosed by plugs 18 and 19, respectively. In this way a continuouspassage is provided from the supply tank or reservoir to the nozzle. Byextending the bottom of the carbureter below the tank as described, itis possible to locate the nozzle so that its orifice is below the bottomof the tank as shown clearly inpFig. 1, and thus all the liquid in thetank is enabled to iiow by gravity through the nozzle. From the bottomof the carbureter extends'a nipple 2O which `is bored out' in line withthe nozzle passage and is threaded to receive a needle valve 21 arrangedto control the effective size of Y such passage. Said ynipple is also4externally threaded and receives a packing nature of ay toggle joint,which positively prevents any jumping of the valve from closed position.Only the lightest of springs is necessary to bring the operating deviceinto and retain it in this locking position. Such a spring is preferablyarranged to act on the rod 1l, being in the form of a helix surroundingthe rod, indicated at 38 and abutting at one end on the lug 10 and atthe other end on a collar 39 on the rod. The co-nstruction of the tankhaving two heads, each with a lug forming a guide for the operating rodprovides the most effective and inexpensive mounting possible for theoperating rod. The lugs 6 and 10 may be easily formed upon the head andaccurately alined with the greatest ease, and they provide asufficiently solid support and guide for the rod without necessitatingmuch additional metal in the heads, and therefore constituting the mosteffective and inexpen sive support possible. rI`he rod also is not inthe way, as it lies close to the shell of the tank, and it constitutes aconvenient holder for the spring 38, by which the latter is supportedout of the way. f

An important feature of the invention is the means which I employ forventing the fuel tank to maintain the pressure therein uniform withoutallowing the very volatile liquid fuel to escape. It is necessary toprovide a vent to allow inflow of air to take the place of what fuelfiows out, and it is a fact that liquid of the sort which I use for fuelis so very fluid that it will pass in objectionably large quantitiesthrough even lthe smallest of vents when thrown violently from one partof the tank to the other by sudden starting or stopping of the vehicle,unless the Vent is properly located. Then the vehicle isv suddenlystarted, the liquid in the tank will be thrown against the rear head ofthe tank with considerable force, and in suddenly checking speed asimilar wave of the liquid will be projected against the forward head.If the vent is located near either of these heads, some of the fuel willescape when such an action occurs. My' mode of overcoming thisdifficulty is to provide a tube 41 leading from the filling opening ornozzle 40 to a point near the bottom of the tank, and in making in theside of this tube a small vent 42 in the highest point of the tank. Thetube or nozzle is closed by a cap 43 which either has a vent made in itor fits loosely enough to permit leakage of air past it. If any wave offuel brings up against the tube 41 and the vent 42, such quantity of thefuel as flo-ws through the vent can only fall back into the body of thefuel, since it could not escape through the vent in the cap, unless itsho-nld be sufficient in' volume tofill the nozzle 40, and should iiowthrough the vent faster than it could flow down the tube and back intothe tank,

which is obviouslylimpossible. I also place the filling tube near thelongitudinal middle of the tank where there is the least disturbance dueto sudden starts and stoppages of the vehicle, and therefore the leasttendency of the fuel to flow through the vent.

lVith this device it is possible to produce a combustible mixture offuel vapor and air at all temperatures even in the severest winterweather and without the necessity of previously heat-ing the fuel ort-he air. The mixture is made at the supply tank and thence conducted inthe form of gas through the moto-r. In this form it will flow upward ordownward with equal velocity when impelled by the suction of the motor,hence it isimmaterial to the functioning of the device whether it islocated at a higher or lower level at a point where the connection ismade with the motor intake, o-r whether it is near or remote from themotor.

In this device the parts are few in number, simple in construction andthe machine work of manufacture is reduced to the minimum. It has theadvantage of efficiency and low cost of product-ion.

I claim:

l. A starting primer for internal combustion motors comprising a supplytank, including as part of its construction, a head at one end, acylinder formed as a part of said head, a nozzle in said cylinder, apassage leading from the tank to the nozzle, a mixture outlet from thecylinder above the nozzle, and a valve for alternately opening andclosing ,the nozzle.

2. A startingk primer comprising a horizontally arranged tank havingheads at op posite ends, said heads having alined guides, an endwisemovable operating rod sliding in said guides, a carbureter comprising acylinder made as a part of one of said heads, and having an outlet inits side, a valve arranged to move across said outlet so as to open andclose the same in a direction approximately perpendicular to that of theoperating rod, means connecting the rod with the valve and arranged tooperate the valve in consequence of endwise movement ofthe rod, a nozzlein the lower part of said carbureter, and a channel leading from theinterior of the tank to said nozzle.

`3. A starting primer'comprising a tank having a head at one end andsaid head being formed with a depending extension below the tank, acylinder connected with the exterior of said head having a cross memberjoined to the depending extension, a nozzle rising from said crossmember, the extension, cross member, and no-zzlehaving connectingpassages communicating with the interior of the tank, the cylinder beingopen to the atmosphere at the bottom on each side of said cross memberand nozzle, an outlet opening from the side of the cylinder above thenozzle, avalve-fitting in: the shell and movable across the outlettoward" andE from thenozzle, andE a fuel valveV carried bysaid valve andyieldingly impelled' toWa-rd the nozzle.

Ll. A starting primer comprising a fuel tank having `heads upon itsends, said heads havingalined guideivays, al carbureter foi-inedintegrally with one of said heads having an internal mix-ing chamber, anozzle insaid' chamber, a ring Ifor-mingV a strictiireini thecarburetei' surrounding the nozzle, an outlet above the nozzle and anairt .inlet below the nozzle, the headbeing provided with apassageleading from the in-l terior off' the tank to the nozzle, a valve insaid carbureter movable across the outlet; and carrying means forstopping thenozzle, an operating rod contained in said guide-y Ways, anda toggle link joiningvsaidzrod and? valve, arranged to forni a positivelock to prevent opening'of the valve when the lat-v terl isiclosedi 5. Astarting primer comprising acar- `bureter.having/a mixing chamber, afuel in-Y let, an air inlet', and a mixture outlet, ai container forliquid fuel in communication with said fuelE inlet, a valve-forcontrolling the flow ofcombustible from the carbureter and? guidedto-move-in-a definite path, a linky hingedly connected to said valve, aguiding member havinga;.pivot connection With said link and movable onlyin a directionW-hich iS-.transverse vtothe path in which the valve may.move, and yielding means normallv holding said guiding member in suchaposi,.- tion that the points of* connection between said member and-thelink and between the i,

linkandvalve are approximately vinthe path;

of; movement of that portion of the valve:v to-which the linkisrconnected, Wherebv the, valve is locked against accidentali,displacement.

adaptedto control the floivof combustible froi'nsuch outlet, anoperatinglink hinged `tosaid valve, said valve at the pointof conmnection with saidilink being constrained to move in apredeterminedfpath, and means 6. A; priming device comprising` acarbureter having a mixing chamber, fueland air;l inletshto saidchamber, andL anl outletv forco-mbustible from said chamber, a valvey'connection with saidlink: being constrained tomovefin a. predetermined!path, and: means for restricting saidi link at a point distant from itsconnection with the valve to a *movement inlone pathonly, which istransverse to the path of'itsconnection with the `\f'-a'lve, andintersect-ingsuchv last named path, whereby When said point is at thepoint offintersection of said paths, the valve is locked against.accidental: movement', and `movement ofthelink away from such'pointinlets to said chamber, and an outlet for combustible from said chamber,a valve adapted to-control the flow of combustible from suchoutlet, anoperating link hinged to saidivalve, said valve at the point ofconnection With said link being constrained to 4move in a predeterminedpath, and aguide inem-ber with which saidlink is engaged at a pointdistant from its hinged connection with the valve, arranged to compelvsuch Apoint of thelink to travelv only in a path transverse to andintersecting the prolongation of 'the first iiamedpath, wherebymovement-of? the link inf` the predetermined? path operates the valve,andthe link is enabled Ito lock the valve ,againstmovement bv forceotherwise applied When in one position.

9. A priming device coinp'risingar carbufreter having a mixing chamber,fuel-and'air inletsl to said chamber, land an outlet for combustiblefrom saidchamber, a valve 'adapted to control the flow of vcombustible'froinsuch outlet, an operating linkhinged to saidvalve, saidivalve-atthe pointl of connection with said: link being constrained to move in apredetermined path, Ia rodpivoted to said link at a point removed fromthe hinged'connectionofthe link With the valve, and a guide by Whichsaidf' rod ifs held so as 'to extend in a direction transverse to saidpath and ywith respect to which thefrod is movable endWise.

l0. A priming'device comprisinga carbureter having amiking chamber, fuelandaii inlets to said chamber, and:y an outlet for combustible fromsaid`v chamber, a valve adapted" to control t-he flow of combustiblefroinsuch outlet, an operatingzlink hinged to saidfvalve, said valve'atthe-point of connection with said link being constrained to move in apredetermined path, a rod'pivoted to said'link at a` point removed' fromthe hinged connection of the link with the valve, a guide by which saidrod is held so asl-'to extend in a direction-transverse:to said pathAand with respect to Whichthe rod is movable endivise, and a springactingon said' rod andv tending to hold the saine in such positionthat theline through its point ofengagementf with the link andthe connectionbetween the link andv-alveareiin the same line with the path in whichsuch connection is constrained to move.

11. In a primer the combination of a tank and a carbureter unitedstructurally with said tank, having a fuel inlet connected with thetank, an air inlet and a mixture outlet, a valve movable so as to openand close said outlet, a link pivoted to said valve, an operating lineconnected to said link and arranged to move the part wherewith it isconnected in a direction transverse to that in which the valve isconstrained to move, and a rod connected with the link and guided tohave its only movement in a path approximately parallel to that in whichsaid operating line is arranged to act, said rod being also constructedto serve as an actuator for the link.

12. A starting primer comprising a. fuel tank and a carbureterstructurally united with said tank and having a fuel inlet incommunication with the tank, an air inlet and a mixture outlet, a valvein said carbureter movable across said outlet, an operating rod movablysupported by said tank, and a toggle link joining said rod and valve andarranged to form a positive lock to prevent opening of the valve whenthe latter is closed.

13. A starting primer comprising a horizontally arranged tank having avertical head at one end, said head having as an integral part thereof acarbureter casing extending verticallyalong the outer face of the tank,and said carbureter casing including a nozzle connected with theinterior of the tank by a passage leading through the head, and havingalso openings below the nozzle for admission of air and an outlet abovethe nozzle for outflow of the combustible mixture, and a stricturewithin the casing surrounding the nozzle.

111. A starting primer comprising a supply tank, a carbureter formed asa part of said tank and having a connection therewith through which agravity flow of liquid fuel may pass, said carbureter having a nozzlethrough which the fuel issues and an outlet for combustible mixture, andhaving means for preventing flooding by the liquid fuel issuing from thenozzle when there is no flow of air through the carbureter.

15. A starting primer comprising a supply tank, a carbureter formed as apart of said tank and having a connection therewith through which agravity flow of liquid fuel may pass, said carbureter having a nozzlethrough which the liquid fuel issues, having an outlet for combustiblemixture at a height above the nozzle orifice, and having an externallyopen air inlet at a height lower than the nozzle orifice, through whichfuel flowing through the nozzle when there is no flow of air through thecarbureter may escape to prevent flooding of the carbureter.

16. A starting primer comprising a supply tank, a carbureter formed as apart of said tank and comprising an inclosed mixing chamber, anupstanding nozzle in said mixing chamber removed from the walls thereofand in communication with the interior of the tank, said carbureterhaving an outlet for the combustible mixture of which the lowest pointis higher than the discharge orifice of the nozzle, and having also anexternal opening below the nozzle orifice and so arranged that an excessof liquid issuing from the nozzle may escape therethrough.

17. A starting primer for internal combustion moto-rs comprising asupply tank, a carbureter constructed as a part of said tank at one ofthe ends thereof, and including an inclosed mixing chamber having alateral outlet for the combustible mixture, an upstanding nozzle havingcommunication with the interior of the tank and located below the saidoutlet, and an air inlet below the nozzle orifice, and a valve arrangedto alternately open and close said outlet.

18. A starting primer comprising a tank having an upright wall, acarbureter comprisinglan inclosed mixing chamber made as a part of suchwall and having a lateral outlet for combustible mixture, a nozzle inthe lower part of said carbureter, a channel leading from the interiorof the tank to said nozzle, a valve arranged to move toward and from thenozzle to close and open the same, and an operating rod engaged withsaid valve.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature, in presence of twoWitnesses.

GILMAN W. BROWN. Witnesses C. F. BROWN,

E. BATOHELDER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.

